Palaeozoic era - The temperature of a planet is linked with the diversity of life that it can support. MIT geologists have now reconstructed a timeline of the Earth's temperature during the early Paleozoic era ...

 
The Ordovician (/ ɔːr d ə ˈ v ɪ ʃ i. ə n,-d oʊ-,-ˈ v ɪ ʃ ən / or-də-VISH-ee-ən, -⁠doh-, -⁠ VISH-ən) is a geologic period and system, the second of six periods of the Paleozoic Era.The Ordovician spans 41.6 million years from the end of the Cambrian Period 485.4 million years ago (Mya) to the start of the Silurian Period 443.8 Mya.. The Ordovician, named …. Problem as

Altaid Orogeny – Paleozoic Era; Uralian orogeny – Long series of linear deformation and mountain building events that raised the Ural Mountains during the Permian Period; Cimmerian and Cathaysian orogenies Active through Triassic and Jurassic Periods along south and southeast Asia. Dabie-Sulu orogeny – Mesozoic EraThe Paleozoic Era of the Phanerozoic Eon: 542 to 251 million years ago. The Paleozoic (also spelt "Palaeozoic") era lasted from about 540 to 250 million years ago, and is divided into six periods The 320-odd million years of the Paleozoic era saw many important events, including the development of most invertebrate groups, life's conquest of ... Carboniferous Period, fifth interval of the Paleozoic Era, succeeding the Devonian Period and preceding the Permian Period. In terms of absolute time, the Carboniferous Period began approximately 358.9 million years ago and ended 298.9 million years ago. Its duration of approximately 60 millionPlant - Evolution, Paleobotany, Photosynthesis: At present, fossil evidence of land plants dates to the Ordovician Period. The abundance and diversity of plant fossils increase into the Silurian Period, and by the middle Devonian Period, the heterosporous life cycle, which allows for more rapid evolution, had occurred independently in several groups, including …Jul 5, 2023 · Common Paleozoic fossils include trilobites and cephalopods, as well as insects and ferns. The greatest mass extinction in Earth's history ended this era. Paleozoic Resources. The Paleozoic Era is further divided in to seven periods/sub-periods: the Cambrian, the Ordovician, the Silurian, the Devonian, the Mississippian, the Pennsylvanian, the ... Paleozoic (541-252 million years ago) means ‘ancient life.’ The oldest animals on Earth appeared just before the start of this era in the Ediacaran Period, but scientists had not yet discovered them when the geologic timescale was made. Mesozoic Era, second of Earth’s three major geologic eras of Phanerozoic time. Its name is derived from the Greek term for “middle life.” The Mesozoic Era began 252.2 million years ago, following the conclusion of the Paleozoic Era, and ended 66 million years ago, at the dawn of the Cenozoic Era. The Mesozoic Era is literally the era of “middle life.”. It is also known as the age of dinosaurs. It lasted from 245 to 65 million years ago and is divided into the three periods described in Figure below. The Mesozoic began with the supercontinent Pangaea. Then, during the era, Pangaea broke up and the continents drifted apart.Plant - Evolution, Paleobotany, Photosynthesis: At present, fossil evidence of land plants dates to the Ordovician Period. The abundance and diversity of plant fossils increase into the Silurian Period, and by the middle Devonian Period, the heterosporous life cycle, which allows for more rapid evolution, had occurred independently in several groups, including …May 28, 2021 · During the Paleozoic Era, around 335 mya, smaller landmasses joined to form a single supercontinent, Pangaea. Pangaea was surrounded by a superocean called Panthalassa. The end of the Paleozoic Era was marked by the Permian–Triassic Extinction Event, also known as “The Great Dying”. During this time, 95% of all species became extinct ... Aug 11, 2023 · The Paleozoic Era is literally the era of “old life.”. It lasted from 544 to 245 million years ago and is divided into six periods. Major events in each period of the Paleozoic Era are described in Figure below. The era began with a spectacular burst of new life. This is called the Cambrian explosion. The Paleozoic Era on the geological time scale is also known as the Primary Era or simply as the Paleozoic. It is the first era of the Phanerozoic Eon (which begins 541 million years ago and ends in our present days), which is followed by the Mesozoic and Cenozoic. It is also known as the “Age of Invertebrates”.This period is conferred with the extinction of the dinosaur thecodont. > Cambrian :- this period belongs to the Palaeozoic era . Permian , carboniferous , Devonian and Silurian also exist in this era . The lycopods are dominant during this era. > Jurassic :- this period belongs to the Mesozoic era. This is the second period of the Mesozoic era .The Paleozoic Era started 542 million years ago with the emergence of complex life forms and ended 251 million years ago with the largest mass extinction the world has ever experienced. It is the ...Extent of the northern Baltic Sea during the Early. Palaeozoic Era - new evidence from Ostrobothnia, western Finland. Bulletin of the Geological Society of ...With talent from the most respected names in tech, ClickUp's executive bench is poised to take on the next era of workforce transformation SAN DIE... With talent from the most respected names in tech, ClickUp's executive bench is poised to ...The Cambrian period, part of the Paleozoic era, produced the most intense burst of evolution ever known. The Cambrian Explosion saw an incredible diversity of life emerge, including many major ...Common Paleozoic fossils include trilobites and cephalopods, as well as insects and ferns. The greatest mass extinction in Earth's history ended this era. Paleozoic Resources. The Paleozoic Era is further divided in to seven periods/sub-periods: the Cambrian, the Ordovician, the Silurian, the Devonian, the Mississippian, the Pennsylvanian, the ...The era where complex multi-cellular life appeared and began to thrive on Earth, the Paleozoic Era encompasses a period of time around 542 to 251 million years ago, with separate periods dividing the era further. Answer and Explanation: Become a Study.com member to unlock this answer! Create your account ...About 250 million years ago, at the end of the Permian period, something killed some 90 percent of the planet's species. Less than five percent of the animal species in the seas survived. On land less than a third of …The GOBE occurred around 471 million years ago, and saw many of the distinctly Cambrian species die out in Earth's oceans, and the rapid evolution of many of the marine organisms that would dominate for the rest of the Palaeozoic Era - including many filter feeders, such as the ancestors of krill.Pouting, posing and challenging narratives, nearly a century ago. Just like Instagrammers today challenge the stereotypes of Africa in the digital era, the black and white film photography of Mama Casset used the tools of the colonial era t...Paleozoic Era Timeline. The Paleozoic Era began about 541 million years ago and lasted till 251.9 million years ago. It was the first era of the Phanerozoic Eon and is otherwise known as the “Age of Ancient Life.”. The other two eras that follow this are the Mesozoic (age of middle life) and the Cenozoic (age of recent life).Paleozoic Era, major interval of geologic time that began 538.8 million years ago with the Cambrian explosion, an extraordinary diversification of marine animals, and ended about 252 million years ago with the end-Permian extinction, the greatest extinction event in Earth history.The Devonian Period occurred from 419.2 million to 358.9 million years ago. It was the fourth period of the Paleozoic Era. It was preceded by the Silurian Period and followed by the Carboniferous ...Approximately how many genera of species went extinct at the end of the Paleozoic era? Show ALL working. Explain why the number of genera of organisms increased rapidly after each mass extinction. Around 65 mya, after the last …Paleozoic Era: Devonian. Back. In the course of the Devonian (from 416 to 360 million years ago) the largest Palaeozoic tropical reef in Europe appeared, ...Paleozoic Era rock formations are no longer the continuous layers they were when first deposited in the ocean. Instead, they have been eroded in places by relatively recent geologic activities, particularly during the Ice Age that began about two million years ago. At times, glaciers covered most of the state.The Paleozoic Era is a time period in Earth’s history that lasted from 541 to 252 million years ago. It is divided into six periods: the Cambrian, Ordovician, Silurian, Devonian, Carboniferous, and Permian. The Cambrian Period was the first period of the Paleozoic Era. It lasted from 541 to 488 million years ago.first era of the Phanerozoic eon. This page was last edited on 28 July 2023, at 08:02. All structured data from the main, Property, Lexeme, and EntitySchema namespaces is available under the Creative Commons CC0 License; text in the other namespaces is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms …The Paleozoic Era, which ran from 541 million to 251.9 million years ago, was a time of great change on Earth. The era began with the breakup of one supercontinent and the formation of another ...Figure 4: Modelled results of the impact of early Palaeozoic bioturbation on contemporaneous marine sulphate concentrations [SO4]. a, Model iterations were run with x values calculated from ...The Cambrian was the first period of the Paleozoic Era (542-250 million years ago), followed by the Ordovician, Silurian, Devonian, Carboniferous and Permian periods; all of these periods, as well as the succeeding Mesozoic and Cenozoic Eras, were dominated by the vertebrates that first evolved during the Cambrian.Introduction. The Paleozoic Era was a major interval of geologic time. It began 541 million years ago with a rapid expansion of life-forms and ended 252 million years ago with the largest mass extinction in Earth's history. The Paleozoic was the first of the three major eras of the Phanerozoic Eon; this is reflected in its name: paleozoic is ...Sep 21, 2023 · Devonian Period, in geologic time, an interval of the Paleozoic Era that follows the Silurian Period and precedes the Carboniferous Period, spanning between about 419.2 million and 358.9 million years ago. It is sometimes called the ‘Age of Fishes’ because of the diverse and abundant fishes found in Devonian seas. by 5.3 million square kilometres during the Palaeozoic era. Half of this growth may have occurred by the addition of Juvenile crust newly extracted from the mantle, supporting modelsDevonian Period, in geologic time, an interval of the Paleozoic Era that follows the Silurian Period and precedes the Carboniferous Period, spanning between about 419.2 million and 358.9 million years ago. It is sometimes called the ‘Age of Fishes’ because of the diverse and abundant fishes found in Devonian seas.Sep 21, 2023 · Devonian Period, in geologic time, an interval of the Paleozoic Era that follows the Silurian Period and precedes the Carboniferous Period, spanning between about 419.2 million and 358.9 million years ago. It is sometimes called the ‘Age of Fishes’ because of the diverse and abundant fishes found in Devonian seas. #decaronacomolaeana #cidadesdoparana #conhecendoobrasil Bom dia, Boa tarde ou Boa noite! Olá pessoal!Hoje vamos visitar Boa Vista da Aparecida no oeste do P...Updated on September 27, 2023. "The Paleozoic Era (540 to 252 million years ago) was a revolutionary time for new life on Earth. But it had its ups and downs.". Some of the key highlights from the Paleozoic Era include: CAMBRIAN EXPLOSION: Bony fish diversified during the Cambrian explosion. Just to end in the largest extinction in Earth ...The Paleozoic Era is the first of three geological eras of the Phanerozoic Eon. Beginning 538.8 million years ago , it succeeds the Neoproterozoic and ends 251.9 Ma at the start …The Paleozoic era spanned roughly (Ma) and is subdivided into six geologic periods; from oldest to youngest, they are the Cambrian, Ordovician, Silurian, Devonian, Carboniferous and Permian. Geologically, the …Paleozoic Era Timeline. The Paleozoic Era began about 541 million years ago and lasted till 251.9 million years ago. It was the first era of the Phanerozoic Eon and is otherwise known as the “Age of Ancient Life.”. The other two eras that follow this are the Mesozoic (age of middle life) and the Cenozoic (age of recent life).In 1841, John Phillips formally divided the geologic column into three major eras, the Paleozoic, Mesozoic, and Cenozoic, based on sharp breaks in the fossil record. He identified the three periods of the Mesozoic era and all the periods of the Paleozoic era except the Ordovician.The SVB collapse may have been just a taste of the struggles to come as the market enters a new and trying era, observers say. Jump to The idyllic market environment that dominated the past decade is over, and investors are at the dawn of a...During the Paleozoic Era (541 to 251.9 million years ago), fish diversified and marine organisms were very abundant. In North America, the Paleozoic is characterized by multiple advances and retreats of shallow seas and repeated continental collisions that formed the Appalachian Mountains. Common Paleozoic fossils include trilobites and ...Chapter 2: The Paleozoic Era. The Paleozoic Era (paleo means "early life") lasted from about 540 to 250 million years ago. Much of Colorado was dominated by two very large mountain ranges spanning north to south and parallel to each other. The mountain ranges were eroding during this time span, similar to our present Rocky …9 thg 9, 2019 ... the Palaeozoic, an era of arthropods, amphibians, fishes, and the first life on land;; the Mesozoic, which spanned the rise, reign of reptiles, ...Mesozoic. Mesozoic (252-66 million years ago) means 'middle life' and this is the time of the dinosaurs. This era includes the Triassic, Jurassic, and Cretaceous Periods, names that may be familiar to you. It ended with a massive meteorite impact that caused a mass extinction, wiping out the dinosaurs and up to 80% of life on Earth.Palaeozoic (Paleozoic) The first of the three eras of the Phanerozoic, about 570–248 Ma ago. The Cambrian, Ordovician, and Silurian Periods together form the Lower Palaeozoic Sub-Era; the Devonian, Carboniferous, and Permian the Upper Palaeozoic Sub-Era. It was an era of great evolutionary change among plants, which began to invade the land ...PDF | On Jan 1, 2008, O.N. Bhargava published Palaeozoic successions of the Indian plate | Find, read and cite all the research you need on ResearchGateOnline exhibits: Geologic time scale: Paleozoic Era. The Cambrian Period. The Cambrian Period marks an important point in the history of life on Earth; it is the time when most of the major groups of animals first appear in the fossil record. This event is sometimes called the "Cambrian Explosion," because of the relatively short time over ...Eons are divided into eras, which are further divided into periods, epochs, and ages. Geologic dating is extremely imprecise. For example, although the date listed for the beginning of the Ordovician period is 485 million years ago, it is actually 485.4 with an uncertainty (plus or minus) of 1.9 million years.Paleozoic means "ancient life", and it was the time period when multicellular animals started to explode in evolution, as evidenced by the fossil record. The Paleozoic (or Palaeozoic) Era is the earliest of three geologic eras of the Phanerozoic Eon, spanning from roughly 541 to 252.2 MYA (ICS, 2004). It is the longest of the Phanerozoic eras, and is subdivided into six geologic periods (from ...The Paleozoic era's Silurian period saw animals and plants finally emerge on land. But first there was a period of biological regrouping following the disastrous climax to the Ordovician.The Silurian Period is a division of the Paleozoic Era and covers the time interval between 443 and 419 million years ago. It follows the Ordovician Period and precedes the Devonian Period. The Silurian Period was a time of significant change and diversification in the evolution of life on Earth.This group has an excellent fossil record extending back to the Permian period of the Palaeozoic era (250m years ago). As these groups share a common ancestor, the earliest Lepidoptera should ...The Paleozoic (or Palaeozoic) Era is the earliest of three geologic eras of the Phanerozoic Eon.The only other epoch with similarly low values of atmospheric CO 2 since these global glaciations occurred in the Palaeozoic era (541– 252 Ma)—except for the most recent past, for which the steadily increasing solar luminosity makes global glaciation ever more difficult.Proxy records reveal a minimum in atmospheric CO 2 ∼ 300 Ma close to …The Paleozoic era spanned roughly (Ma) and is subdivided into six geologic periods; from oldest to youngest, they are the Cambrian, Ordovician, Silurian, Devonian, Carboniferous and Permian. Geologically, the …The Paleozoic Era on the geological time scale is also known as the Primary Era or simply as the Paleozoic. It is the first era of the Phanerozoic Eon (which begins 541 million years ago and ends in our present days), which is followed by the Mesozoic and Cenozoic. It is also known as the “Age of Invertebrates”. The Devonian Period occurred from 419.2 million to 358.9 million years ago. It was the fourth period of the Paleozoic Era. It was preceded by the Silurian Period and followed by the Carboniferous ...Oceanic conditions and biological richness resulted in the greatest production of carbonate during the Paleozoic Era. The Devonian saw major evolutionary advancements by fishes with diversification and dominance in both marine and fresh water environments—the Devonian is also known as the “Age of Fishes.”. Jawless fish and placoderms ...These data indicate that, although a few class-level clades dominate the ranks of era-level giants (diapsids in th~ Mesozoic, mammals in the Cenozoic, and bivalves in both eras), there is no evidence that extreme gigantism is retained within a clade in successive eras. Paleozoic marine brachiopods and cephalopods and flying insects …Paleozoic Era Timeline. The Paleozoic Era began about 541 million years ago and lasted till 251.9 million years ago. It was the first era of the Phanerozoic Eon and is otherwise known as the “Age of Ancient Life.”. The other two eras that follow this are the Mesozoic (age of middle life) and the Cenozoic (age of recent life).The meaning of PALEOZOIC is of, relating to, originating in, or being an era of geologic history that extends from the beginning of the Cambrian to the ...You know all those lessons your parents tried to teach you about money management? Well, unlike many celebrities today who blow through millions with little to show for it, a lot of the stars of the past paid attention — and it paid off.The Permian was the last period of the Paleozoic Era (542-250 million years ago), preceded by the Cambrian, Ordovician, Silurian, Devonian and Carboniferous periods. Climate and Geography . As during the preceding Carboniferous period, the climate of the Permian period was intimately linked with its geography.Oct 29, 2012 · Oceanic conditions and biological richness resulted in the greatest production of carbonate during the Paleozoic Era. The Devonian saw major evolutionary advancements by fishes with diversification and dominance in both marine and fresh water environments—the Devonian is also known as the “Age of Fishes.”. Jawless fish and placoderms ... Palaeozoic era (600 mya -230 mya) is the “era of ancient life”. Mesozoic era (from 230 million yrs ago to 63 million yrs ago) is the era of medieval life and includes three periods namely, Cretaceous (135 million yrs), Jurassic (180 million yrs) and Triassic (225 million yrs). The Cenozoic era (65 million years ago) is also known as “age ...The Precambrian, Paleozoic, Mesozoic, and Cenozoic Eras. The Geologic Time Scale is the history of the Earth broken down into four spans of time marked by various events, such as the emergence of certain species, their evolution, and their extinction, that help distinguish one era from another. Strictly speaking, Precambrian Time is not an ...Chapter 2: The Paleozoic Era. The Paleozoic Era (paleo means "early life") lasted from about 540 to 250 million years ago. Much of Colorado was dominated by two very large mountain ranges spanning north to south and parallel to each other. The mountain ranges were eroding during this time span, similar to our present Rocky …Palaeozoic era (600 mya -230 mya) is the “era of ancient life”. Mesozoic era (from 230 million yrs ago to 63 million yrs ago) is the era of medieval life and includes three periods namely, Cretaceous (135 million yrs), Jurassic (180 million yrs) and Triassic (225 million yrs). The Cenozoic era (65 million years ago) is also known as “age ...Paleozoic definition, noting or pertaining to an era occurring between 570 million and 230 million years ago, characterized by the advent of fish, insects, and reptiles. Paleozoic Era, also spelled Palaeozoic, major interval of geologic time that began 538.8 million years ago with the Cambrian explosion, an extraordinary diversification of marine animals, and ended about 252 million years ago with the end-Permian extinction, the greatest extinction event in Earth history.Table of Contents. Africa - Paleozoic, Fossils, Geology: The Paleozoic Era consists of the Cambrian, Ordovician, Silurian, Devonian, Carboniferous, and Permian periods and …Eons are divided into eras, which are further divided into periods, epochs, and ages. Geologic dating is extremely imprecise. For example, although the date listed for the beginning of the Ordovician period is 485 million years ago, it is actually 485.4 with an uncertainty (plus or minus) of 1.9 million years.The Paleozoic Era on the geological time scale is also known as the Primary Era or simply as the Paleozoic. It is the first era of the Phanerozoic Eon (which begins 541 million years ago and ends in our present days), which is followed by the Mesozoic and Cenozoic. It is also known as the “Age of Invertebrates”.17 thg 8, 2015 ... Each garden is inspired by the environmental characteristics from a single period of the Palaeozoic era, starting with the rocky soil crust of ...Table of Contents. Africa - Paleozoic, Fossils, Geology: The Paleozoic Era consists of the Cambrian, Ordovician, Silurian, Devonian, Carboniferous, and Permian periods and …The Paleozoic Era of the Phanerozoic Eon: 542 to 251 million years ago. The Paleozoic (also spelt "Palaeozoic") era lasted from about 540 to 250 million years ago, and is divided into six periods The 320-odd million years of the Paleozoic era saw many important events, including the development of most invertebrate groups, life's conquest of ...The origin and early evolution of land plants in the mid-Palaeozoic era, between about 480 and 360 million years ago, was an important event in the history of life, with far-reaching consequences ...Dravidian Rock System (Palaeozoic) The Paleozoic rock formation is known as Dravidian systems in India; during the Paleozoic era i.e., 600-300 million years ago. It is also known as the Carboniferous rocks System due to …

Jan 10, 2017 · Together, our analyses provide evidence, both phylogenetically and temporally, that retroviruses emerged together with their vertebrate hosts in the ocean, ∼ 460–550 Ma 7,8,9, in the early ... . Demetria obilor photos

palaeozoic era

Definitive, macroscopic remains of these metazoans are found in the fossil record from the Ediacaran period of the Neoproterozoic era onwards, although they do not become common until the Late Devonian period in the latter half of the Paleozoic era. Perhaps the best known macrofossils group is the dinosaurs.The Mesozoic Era [3] is the second-to-last era of Earth's geological history, lasting from about 252 to 66 million years ago, comprising the Triassic, Jurassic and Cretaceous Periods. It is characterized by the dominance …Cambrian Period, earliest time division of the Paleozoic Era and Phanerozoic Eon, lasting from 538.8 million to 485.4 million years ago. The Cambrian System, named by English geologist Adam Sedgwick for slaty rocks in southern Wales and southwestern England, contains the earliest record of abundant and varied life-forms.In 1841, John Phillips formally divided the geologic column into three major eras, the Paleozoic, Mesozoic, and Cenozoic, based on sharp breaks in the fossil record. He identified the three periods of the Mesozoic era and all the periods of the Paleozoic era except the Ordovician.Oct 30, 2013 · The Paleozoic (or Palaeozoic) Era is the earliest of three geologic eras of the Phanerozoic Eon, spanning from roughly 541 to 252.2 million years ago (ICS, 2004). It is the longest of the Phanerozoic eras, and is subdivided into six geologic periods (from oldest to least old): the Cambrian, Ordovician, Silurian, Devonian, Carboniferous, and ... Paleozoic Era. From an explosion of early life to the greatest extinction in history, the Paleozoic was a time of change. During this earliest era, living things developed vertebral columns and hard body parts like jaws, bones and teeth. Fish evolved, and plants and animals started the move from the ocean onto dry land.The GOBE occurred around 471 million years ago, and saw many of the distinctly Cambrian species die out in Earth's oceans, and the rapid evolution of many of the marine organisms that would dominate for the rest of the Palaeozoic Era - including many filter feeders, such as the ancestors of krill.Devonian period. In geologic time , the Devonian Period, the fourth period of the Paleozoic Era , covers the time roughly 410 million years ago (mya) until 360 mya. The Devonian Period spans three epochs. The Early Devonian Epoch is the most ancient, followed in sequence by the Middle Devonian Epoch, and the Late Devonian Epoch.The Paleozoic Era, meaning ''ancient life'' in Greek, lasted from about 540-250 million years ago. It began with a huge explosion of new life and ended with the worst mass extinction in Earth's ...The four eras in the history of marketing are known as the production era, sales era, marketing era and marketing control, or relationship, era. Some analyses only include the first three of these.Ordovician Period: 490-443 Million Years Ago. As the Cambrian gave way to the Ordovician, animal life remained in the seas, which were home to corals, sea urchins, starfish and sea shells, but the most numerous creatures were the arthropods. The trilobites were by far the most common group of animals on the planet, but they had now been joined ...Introduction Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. The Paleozoic Era was a major interval of geologic time. It began 541 million years ago with a rapid expansion of life-forms and …We just cruised through the Hadean, Archean, and Proterozoic eons. That brings us all the way to the Phanerozoic eon, which is the one we are still living in...Palaeozoic(Paleozoic) The first of the three eras of the Phanerozoic, about 570–248 Ma ago. The Cambrian, Ordovician, and Silurian Periods together form the Lower …The Paleozoic comes after the Neoproterozoic Era of the Proterozoic Eon and is followed by the Mesozoic Era. The Paleozoic was a time of dramatic geological, climatic, and evolutionary change. The Cambrian witnessed the most rapid and widespread diversification of life in Earth's history, known as the Cambrian explosion , in which most modern ... Feb 22, 2022 · Paleozoic Era. Paleozoic Era, from approximately 543 to 252 MYA, is divided into these Periods: Cambrian - 543 to 505 MYA; The first Period of this Era is named the Cambrian and is known for the ... Palaeozoic (Paleozoic) The first of the three eras of the Phanerozoic, about 570–248 Ma ago. The Cambrian, Ordovician, and Silurian Periods together form the Lower Palaeozoic Sub-Era; the Devonian, Carboniferous, and Permian the Upper Palaeozoic Sub-Era. It was an era of great evolutionary change among plants, which began to invade the land ... .

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